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9– 10 A more recent 4-day inpatient study found peak symptom intensity generally on the fourth day, 11 while a 10-day study found peak intensity at admission.

8Įarly descriptive inpatient studies evaluated up to 28 days of abstinence, but did not define the time course of withdrawal symptoms. The effects could be less severe than those in outpatient settings due to lack of environmental stimuli associated with cannabis smoking. Because the symptom profile, time course, and severity of withdrawal may differ depending on environment, 7 it is important to evaluate inpatient cannabis abstinence effects. 6 Thus, better characterizing cannabis withdrawal may improve treatment.

Physical and psychological distress from cannabis withdrawal (e.g., sleep disturbance, anxiety, appetite loss) were reported as associated with severity of cannabis dependence and relapse. 3 Moreover, 65–70% of cannabis smokers reported relief of abstinence effects as a factor in their relapse to cannabis intake, 4– 5 suggesting that withdrawal symptoms can serve as negative reinforcement for relapse and, thereby, hinder quit attempts. In the US, 34% of frequent cannabis smokers who never abused other substances reported experiencing ≥3 cannabis withdrawal symptoms. 2Ĭannabis withdrawal is an important component of cannabis dependence.

BEST 60 DAYS IN PARTICIPANTS MANUAL

1 In 2011, 4.2 million Americans aged 12 years or older met diagnostic criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition ) for cannabis dependence or abuse.

Cannabis use disorders are a significant global public health problem.

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